{"id":101,"date":"2014-05-30T11:21:38","date_gmt":"2014-05-30T10:21:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/home.uia.no\/hayles13\/?page_id=101"},"modified":"2014-05-30T11:21:38","modified_gmt":"2014-05-30T10:21:38","slug":"5-mountain-to-fjord-trip","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/home.uia.no\/hayles13\/assignments\/5-mountain-to-fjord-trip\/","title":{"rendered":"5. Mountain to Fjord Trip"},"content":{"rendered":"

The\u00a0Mountain\u00a0to\u00a0Fjord\u00a0trip\u00a0took\u00a0place\u00a0in\u00a0late\u00a0April\u00a0in\u00a0Southern\u00a0Norway. The\u00a0trip\u00a0began\u00a0in\u00a0Bylands\u00a0Fjord\u00a0and\u00a0ended\u00a0in\u00a0Kristiansand.\u00a0Much\u00a0of\u00a0the area\u00a0was\u00a0forested;\u00a0consisting\u00a0mainly\u00a0of\u00a0pine\u00a0trees,\u00a0blueberry\u00a0bushes\u00a0and\u00a0moss. Lakes,\u00a0swampy\u00a0marshlands\u00a0and\u00a0a\u00a0river\u00a0were\u00a0also\u00a0seen.\u00a0Several\u00a0waterfalls\u00a0were also\u00a0spotted\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0mountains\u00a0which\u00a0added\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0already\u00a0scenic\u00a0views.\u00a0The\u00a0temperature for\u00a0the\u00a0trip\u00a0was\u00a0generally\u00a0around\u00a0ten\u00a0degrees\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a0day\u00a0and\u00a0down\u00a0to\u00a0lower\u00a0temperatures over\u00a0night.\u00a0It\u00a0was\u00a0also\u00a0mainly\u00a0overcast\u00a0with\u00a0small\u00a0patches\u00a0of\u00a0sun\u00a0and\u00a0some\u00a0light\u00a0showers\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0Thursday.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0itinerary\u00a0for\u00a0the\u00a0trip\u00a0was\u00a0as\u00a0follows:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tuesday<\/em>:\u00a0Bus\u00a0to\u00a0area.\u00a0Break\u00a0off\u00a0into\u00a0groups\u00a0and\u00a0discuss\u00a0norms.\u00a0Canoe\u00a0downstream\u00a0towards\u00a0Evje. Stay\u00a0overnight\u00a0on\u00a0an\u00a0island\u00a0or\u00a0embankment.<\/p>\n

Wednesday:<\/em>\u00a0Continue\u00a0paddling\u00a0towards\u00a0Evje.\u00a0Stay\u00a0overnight\u00a0in\u00a0tipis\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0TrollActiv\u00a0sight.\u00a0Option to\u00a0partake\u00a0in\u00a0white\u00a0water\u00a0rafting.<\/p>\n

Thursday:<\/em>\u00a0Receive\u00a0mountain\u00a0bikes\u00a0and\u00a0ride\u00a0approximately\u00a020km\u00a0to\u00a0climbing\u00a0crag.\u00a0Spend\u00a0day climbing\u00a0and\u00a0abseiling,\u00a0learning\u00a0the\u00a0set\u00a0ups\u00a0and\u00a0working\u00a0on\u00a0shelter\u00a0creations.\u00a0Spend\u00a0night\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0crag.<\/p>\n

Friday:<\/em>\u00a0Collect\u00a0bikes\u00a0and\u00a0ride\u00a0the\u00a0remainder\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0way\u00a0back\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0University\u00a0of\u00a0Agder\u00a0in\u00a0Kristiansand.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0main\u00a0aims\u00a0for\u00a0the\u00a0trip\u00a0were\u00a0to\u00a0gain\u00a0experience\u00a0in\u00a0climbing,\u00a0canoeing\u00a0and\u00a0cycling\u00a0as\u00a0well\u00a0as\u00a0improving\u00a0our\u00a0camp-craft\u00a0in\u00a0regards\u00a0to\u00a0shelter\u00a0building.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Canoeing:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Canoes\u00a0have\u00a0been\u00a0around\u00a0for\u00a0thousands\u00a0of\u00a0years\u00a0with\u00a0them\u00a0originally\u00a0being\u00a0carved\u00a0out\u00a0of trees\u00a0–\u00a0in\u00a0particular\u00a0birch\u00a0trees.\u00a0Nowadays,\u00a0most\u00a0canoes\u00a0are\u00a0made\u00a0out\u00a0of\u00a0plastic\u00a0or\u00a0fibreglass materials.\u00a0Canoeing\u00a0is\u00a0the\u00a0activity\u00a0of\u00a0sitting\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0canoe\u00a0and\u00a0using\u00a0a\u00a0paddle\u00a0along\u00a0with\u00a0your\u00a0own strength\u00a0to\u00a0propel\u00a0you\u00a0forward\u00a0(Winkler,\u00a02008).\u00a0We\u00a0canoed\u00a0in\u00a0pairs.\u00a0Generally\u00a0the\u00a0stronger\u00a0\/ bigger\u00a0person\u00a0sits\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0back.\u00a0This\u00a0allows\u00a0the\u00a0canoe\u00a0to\u00a0glide\u00a0easier\u00a0through\u00a0the\u00a0water\u00a0as\u00a0the front\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0canoe\u00a0is\u00a0slightly\u00a0heightened.\u00a0The\u00a0front\u00a0person\u00a0is\u00a0the\u00a0main\u00a0paddler\u00a0–\u00a0they\u00a0continue\u00a0to paddle\u00a0and\u00a0are\u00a0in\u00a0charge\u00a0of\u00a0paddling\u00a0sides\u00a0because\u00a0they\u00a0cannot\u00a0see\u00a0what\u00a0the\u00a0back\u00a0person\u00a0is doing.\u00a0The\u00a0back\u00a0person\u2019s\u00a0main\u00a0job\u00a0is\u00a0to\u00a0control\u00a0the\u00a0canoe.\u00a0They\u00a0are\u00a0in\u00a0charge\u00a0of\u00a0keeping\u00a0it\u00a0in a\u00a0straight\u00a0line.\u00a0In\u00a0order\u00a0for\u00a0the\u00a0canoe\u00a0to\u00a0move\u00a0forward\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0straight\u00a0line\u00a0one\u00a0needs\u00a0to\u00a0have\u00a0proper\u00a0technique.<\/p>\n

Hold\u00a0the\u00a0\u2018Tgrip\u2019\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0with\u00a0one\u00a0hand\u00a0and\u00a0place\u00a0the\u00a0other\u00a0hand\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0neck\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0(at\u00a0the\u00a0bottom of\u00a0the\u00a0shaft).\u00a0When\u00a0paddling,\u00a0your\u00a0aim\u00a0is\u00a0to\u00a0push\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0through\u00a0the\u00a0water\u00a0using\u00a0the\u00a0flat\u00a0side\u00a0of\u00a0the blade\u00a0–\u00a0slicing\u00a0the\u00a0blading\u00a0through\u00a0the\u00a0water\u00a0will\u00a0get\u00a0you\u00a0nowhere.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0way\u00a0in\u00a0which\u00a0you\u00a0sit\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0canoe\u00a0is\u00a0optional\u00a0with\u00a0the\u00a0two\u00a0main\u00a0options\u00a0being\u00a0to\u00a0sit\u00a0with\u00a0legs\u00a0bent at\u00a0a\u00a090\u00a0degree\u00a0angle\u00a0and\u00a0feet\u00a0planted\u00a0firmly\u00a0or\u00a0to\u00a0kneel.<\/p>\n

When\u00a0one\u00a0person\u00a0is\u00a0paddling\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0left,\u00a0the\u00a0other\u00a0must\u00a0paddle\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0right\u00a0and\u00a0vice\u00a0versa\u00a0–\u00a0this\u00a0keeps the\u00a0canoe\u00a0going\u00a0straight.<\/p>\n

Forward\u00a0Stroke:
\n<\/em>With\u00a0one\u00a0hand\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0tgrip\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0other\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0neck\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0paddle,\u00a0lean\u00a0forward\u00a0and\u00a0dig\u00a0the\u00a0paddle into\u00a0the\u00a0water\u00a0and\u00a0draw\u00a0back\u00a0twisting\u00a0your\u00a0body\u00a0slightly\u00a0so\u00a0as\u00a0to\u00a0use\u00a0core\u00a0and\u00a0back\u00a0muscles\u00a0as\u00a0well as\u00a0arms.\u00a0Take\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0out\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0water\u00a0and\u00a0repeat.\u00a0(Berger,\u00a02009)<\/p>\n

Backward\u00a0stroke:
\n<\/em>This\u00a0is\u00a0similar\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0forward\u00a0stroke\u00a0just\u00a0done\u00a0backwards.\u00a0Reach\u00a0back,\u00a0dip\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0water and\u00a0pull\u00a0forward.\u00a0(Berger,\u00a02009)<\/p>\n

Draw\u00a0stroke:
\n<\/em>This\u00a0stroke\u00a0can\u00a0be\u00a0used\u00a0when\u00a0wanting\u00a0to\u00a0move\u00a0sideways\u00a0towards\u00a0something. We\u00a0mainly\u00a0used\u00a0this\u00a0when\u00a0we\u00a0were\u00a0attempting\u00a0to\u00a0raft\u00a0up.\u00a0Dip\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0water at\u00a0an\u00a0arm\u2019s\u00a0length\u00a0away\u00a0with\u00a0the\u00a0flat\u00a0side\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0facing\u00a0the\u00a0canoe.\u00a0Pull\u00a0the\u00a0paddle towards\u00a0you\u00a0until\u00a0it\u00a0touches\u00a0the\u00a0canoe,\u00a0twist\u00a0the\u00a0paddle\u00a0sideways\u00a0and\u00a0push\u00a0it\u00a0back\u00a0out,\u00a0then twist\u00a0it\u00a0back\u00a0and\u00a0draw\u00a0in\u00a0again.\u00a0Continue\u00a0until\u00a0you\u2019ve\u00a0reached\u00a0your\u00a0desired\u00a0location.\u00a0(Berger,\u00a02009)<\/p>\n

J-stroke:
\n<\/em>This\u00a0stroke\u00a0is\u00a0a\u00a0correctional\u00a0stroke\u00a0and\u00a0can\u00a0be\u00a0used\u00a0to\u00a0straighten\u00a0the\u00a0canoe. Begin\u00a0with\u00a0a\u00a0normal\u00a0forward\u00a0stroke\u00a0and\u00a0then\u00a0finish\u00a0it\u00a0by\u00a0twisting\u00a0the\u00a0shaft\u00a0so\u00a0that\u00a0the\u00a0paddle faces\u00a0outwards\u00a0–\u00a0Just\u00a0like\u00a0tracing\u00a0the\u00a0letter\u00a0\u2018j\u2019\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0water.\u00a0(Berger,\u00a02009)<\/p>\n

Things\u00a0to\u00a0remember\u00a0when\u00a0canoeing:
\n<\/em>–\u00a0ALWAYS\u00a0wear\u00a0a\u00a0personal\u00a0floatation\u00a0device\u00a0(pfd)<\/p>\n

–\u00a0know\u00a0the\u00a0weather\u00a0forecast\u00a0before\u00a0heading\u00a0out<\/p>\n

–\u00a0waterproof\u00a0any\u00a0equipment\u00a0you\u00a0are\u00a0taking\u00a0with\u00a0you\u00a0i.e\u00a0rucksack,\u00a0rucksack\u00a0contents,\u00a0food,\u00a0electronic.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0know\u00a0what\u00a0to\u00a0do\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0event\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0capsize.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0wear\u00a0correct\u00a0attire\u00a0(you\u00a0will\u00a0get\u00a0slightly\u00a0wet)<\/p>\n

–\u00a0know\u00a0your\u00a0capabilities\u00a0and\u00a0be\u00a0responsible\u00a0about\u00a0the\u00a0route\u00a0you\u00a0choose<\/p>\n

–\u00a0never\u00a0paddle\u00a0alone<\/p>\n

–\u00a0inform\u00a0others\u00a0of\u00a0your\u00a0route\u00a0plan<\/p>\n

–\u00a0take\u00a0litter\u00a0home\u00a0with\u00a0you<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Watch\u00a0out\u00a0for\u00a0rocks\u00a0under\u00a0the\u00a0water<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Never\u00a0let\u00a0go\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0paddle<\/p>\n

Climbing:
\n<\/strong><\/em>Climbing\u00a0has\u00a0long\u00a0been\u00a0a\u00a0past\u00a0time\u00a0of\u00a0humans\u00a0and\u00a0nowadays\u00a0with\u00a0all\u00a0the\u00a0safety\u00a0equipment,\u00a0it\u2019s\u00a0a\u00a0lot\u00a0easier\u00a0to\u00a0go\u00a0climbing.<\/p>\n

Equipment\u00a0needed\u00a0for\u00a0a\u00a0top\u00a0rope\u00a0set\u00a0up\u00a0and\u00a0climbing:
\n<\/em>–\u00a0Helmet
\n–\u00a0harness
\n–\u00a0shoes
\n–\u00a0chalk\u00a0(optional)
\n–\u00a0two\u00a0ropes\u00a0(one\u00a0static,\u00a0one\u00a0dynamic)
\n–\u00a0belay\u00a0device\u00a0(ATC)
\n–\u00a0four\u00a0carabiners
\n–\u00a0tape\u00a0sling
\n–\u00a0prussik<\/p>\n

Top\u00a0Rope\u00a0set\u00a0up:<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Tie\u00a0a\u00a0rethreaded\u00a0figure\u00a0of\u00a08\u00a0knot\u00a0around\u00a0a\u00a0bollard\u00a0or\u00a0strong\u00a0tree\u00a0using\u00a0the\u00a0static\u00a0rope.<\/li>\n
  2. Using\u00a0the\u00a0rope,\u00a0measure\u00a0the\u00a0distance\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0edge\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0cliff\u00a0and\u00a0when\u00a0the\u00a0rope\u00a0is\u00a0slightly\u00a0over, tie\u00a0a\u00a0figure\u00a0of\u00a08\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0bight.<\/li>\n
  3. Attach\u00a0your\u00a0prussik\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0rope\u00a0and\u00a0clip\u00a0it\u00a0onto\u00a0a\u00a0carabiner\u00a0attached\u00a0to\u00a0your\u00a0harness.<\/li>\n
  4. Wrap\u00a0the\u00a0tape\u00a0sling\u00a0around\u00a0another\u00a0bollard\u00a0or\u00a0tree\u00a0nearby\u00a0and\u00a0secure\u00a0it\u00a0with\u00a0a\u00a0carabiner.<\/li>\n
  5. Use\u00a0a\u00a0clove\u00a0hitch\u00a0to\u00a0secure\u00a0the\u00a0static\u00a0rope\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0carabiner.<\/li>\n
  6. Ensure\u00a0that\u00a0the\u00a0weight\u00a0it\u00a0equalised\u00a0between\u00a0the\u00a0two\u00a0ropes\u00a0–\u00a0if\u00a0not\u00a0adjust\u00a0either\u00a0the\u00a0clove\u00a0hitch on\u00a0the\u00a0carabiner\u00a0or\u00a0the\u00a0figure\u00a0of\u00a08\u00a0knot\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0bight.<\/li>\n
  7. When\u00a0equalised,\u00a0attach\u00a0two\u00a0carabiners\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0figure\u00a0of\u00a08\u00a0knot\u00a0with\u00a0the\u00a0two\u00a0gates\u00a0opposing\u00a0each\u00a0other.<\/li>\n
  8. Lastly,\u00a0slide\u00a0the\u00a0dynamic\u00a0rope\u00a0through\u00a0the\u00a0two\u00a0carabiners,\u00a0yell\u00a0\u2018rope\u2019\u00a0and\u00a0drop\u00a0the\u00a0rope\u00a0over\u00a0the\u00a0cliff.<\/li>\n
  9. Ensure\u00a0all\u00a0carabiners\u00a0are\u00a0closed.<\/li>\n
  10. Depending\u00a0on\u00a0resources,\u00a0you\u00a0may\u00a0choose\u00a0to\u00a0have\u00a0two\u00a0or\u00a0three\u00a0anchor\u00a0points.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    To\u00a0remember\u00a0all\u00a0these,\u00a0one\u00a0can\u00a0use\u00a0the\u00a0acronym\u00a0SARNEA<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    S=\u00a0Safety<\/em>\u00a0(ensure\u00a0prussik\u00a0is\u00a0attached)<\/p>\n

    A\u00a0=\u00a0Anchors<\/em>\u00a0(ensure\u00a0anchors\u00a0are\u00a0solid\u00a0and\u00a0will\u00a0not\u00a0fail)<\/p>\n

    R\u00a0=\u00a0Redundancy<\/em>\u00a0(The\u00a0anchor\u00a0should\u00a0have\u00a0at\u00a0least\u00a0one\u00a0or\u00a0two\u00a0back\u00a0up\u00a0connection\u00a0points)<\/p>\n

    NEA\u00a0=\u00a0No\u00a0Extension\u00a0Angles<\/em>\u00a0(the\u00a0angle\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0set\u00a0up\u00a0should\u00a0be\u00a0as\u00a0small\u00a0as\u00a0possible.\u00a0The\u00a0larger\u00a0the\u00a0angle, the\u00a0more\u00a0force\u00a0that\u00a0is\u00a0placed\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0anchors).<\/p>\n

    To\u00a0climb\u00a0\/\u00a0belay:<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ensure\u00a0your\u00a0harness\u00a0is\u00a0fitted\u00a0and\u00a0buckled\u00a0up\u00a0properly.\u00a0To\u00a0test,\u00a0cross\u00a0your\u00a0legs\u00a0and\u00a0try\u00a0to\u00a0pull the\u00a0harness\u00a0over\u00a0your\u00a0hips.\u00a0If\u00a0it\u00a0doesn\u2019t\u00a0move,\u00a0then\u00a0it\u2019s\u00a0fitted\u00a0well.<\/li>\n
    2. Ensure\u00a0your\u00a0helmet\u00a0is\u00a0fitted\u00a0and\u00a0buckled\u00a0up.<\/li>\n
    3. Tie\u00a0in\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0climbing\u00a0rope\u00a0using\u00a0a\u00a0figure\u00a0of\u00a08\u00a0knot\u00a0or\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0belay\u00a0device\u00a0by\u00a0sliding\u00a0the\u00a0rope into\u00a0the\u00a0device\u00a0and\u00a0attaching\u00a0the\u00a0carabiner\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0device\u00a0\/\u00a0rope\u00a0and\u00a0your\u00a0harness.<\/li>\n
    4. Check\u00a0each\u00a0other\u00a0and\u00a0then\u00a0use\u00a0appropriate\u00a0calls:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Climber:\u00a0\u201cTake\u00a0in\u201d\u00a0(The\u00a0belayer\u00a0then\u00a0takes\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0rope)
      \nBelayer:\u00a0\u201cOn\u00a0belay,\u00a0climb\u00a0when\u00a0ready\u201d
      \nClimber:\u00a0\u201cClimbing\u201d<\/p>\n

      Safety:<\/em><\/p>\n

      To\u00a0check\u00a0each\u00a0other\u00a0before\u00a0the\u00a0climb\u00a0complete\u00a0the\u00a0ABCDE<\/strong>\u00a0check.<\/p>\n

      A\u00a0=\u00a0Anchors<\/em>\u00a0(ensure\u00a0that\u00a0climber\u00a0and\u00a0belayer\u00a0are\u00a0attached\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0same\u00a0rope\u00a0and\u00a0that there\u00a0is\u00a0a\u00a0stopper\u00a0knot\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0belayers\u00a0end\u00a0to\u00a0prevent\u00a0rope\u00a0from\u00a0sliding\u00a0through\u00a0the\u00a0ATC\u00a0in\u00a0event\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0fall)<\/p>\n

      B\u00a0=\u00a0belts\u00a0and\u00a0buckles<\/em>\u00a0(check\u00a0that\u00a0harnesses\u00a0and\u00a0helmets\u00a0are\u00a0done\u00a0up)<\/p>\n

      C\u00a0=\u00a0carabiners<\/em>\u00a0(ensure\u00a0all\u00a0carabiners\u00a0are\u00a0closed\u00a0off)<\/p>\n

      D\u00a0=\u00a0devices<\/em>\u00a0(ensure\u00a0belay\u00a0devices\u00a0are\u00a0attached\u00a0properly)<\/p>\n

      E\u00a0=\u00a0Everything\u00a0else<\/em>\u00a0(check\u00a0knots,\u00a0shoes\u00a0etc)<\/p>\n

      *To\u00a0check\u00a0the\u00a0re-threaded\u00a0figure\u00a0of\u00a08\u00a0knot\u00a0–\u00a0ensure\u00a0that\u00a0it\u00a0is\u00a0correctly\u00a0threaded\u00a0through\u00a0the harness\u00a0and\u00a0count\u00a010\u00a0points\u00a0on\u00a0it.<\/p>\n

      When\u00a0climbing:
      \n<\/em>–\u00a0use\u00a0both\u00a0arms\u00a0and\u00a0legs\u00a0and\u00a0remember\u00a0to\u00a0pull\u00a0and\u00a0push
      \n–\u00a0keep\u00a0your\u00a0body\u00a0close\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0wall\u00a0and\u00a0have\u00a0arms\u00a0extended\u00a0where\u00a0possible\u00a0as\u00a0this will\u00a0reduce\u00a0the\u00a0\u2018pump\u2019\u00a0or\u00a0lactic\u00a0acid\u00a0build\u00a0up\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0forearms
      \n–\u00a0if\u00a0you\u00a0pull\u00a0out\u00a0some\u00a0rock\u00a0and\u00a0drop\u00a0it,\u00a0yell\u00a0\u2018rock\u2019\u00a0to\u00a0alert\u00a0those\u00a0below<\/p>\n

      Abseiling:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      The\u00a0set\u00a0up\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0abseil\u00a0is\u00a0quite\u00a0similar\u00a0to\u00a0a\u00a0top\u00a0rope\u00a0set\u00a0up\u00a0regarding\u00a0the\u00a0anchor\u00a0points. Setting\u00a0up\u00a0a\u00a0top\u00a0belayer\u00a0is\u00a0recommended\u00a0as\u00a0this\u00a0gives\u00a0the\u00a0abseiler\u00a0more\u00a0confidence\u00a0and\u00a0in the\u00a0event\u00a0that\u00a0they\u00a0let\u00a0go\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0rope,\u00a0they\u00a0will\u00a0not\u00a0fall.When\u00a0abseiling,\u00a0the\u00a0abseiler\u00a0uses\u00a0a\u00a0figure\u00a08 device\u00a0to\u00a0belay\u00a0themselves\u00a0down.<\/p>\n

      Climbing\u00a0is\u00a0an\u00a0outdoor\u00a0activity\u00a0that\u00a0requires\u00a0a\u00a0lot\u00a0of\u00a0trust\u00a0–\u00a0trust\u00a0in\u00a0yourself,\u00a0your\u00a0belayer\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0equipment.<\/p>\n

      Cycling:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

      When\u00a0cycling\u00a0it\u00a0is\u00a0important\u00a0to\u00a0remember\u00a0the\u00a0following\u00a0things:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Always\u00a0wear\u00a0a\u00a0helmet<\/li>\n
      2. Check\u00a0the\u00a0bike\u00a0before\u00a0leaving\u00a0(are\u00a0the\u00a0breaks\u00a0working,\u00a0are\u00a0the\u00a0chains\u00a0ok,\u00a0tires\u00a0pumped\u00a0up\u00a0etc)<\/li>\n
      3. Always\u00a0have\u00a0a\u00a0repair\u00a0kit\u00a0and\u00a0a\u00a0mobile\u00a0phone\u00a0with\u00a0you<\/li>\n
      4. Stay\u00a0alert\u00a0–\u00a0particular\u00a0on\u00a0roads<\/li>\n
      5. Use\u00a0special\u00a0hand\u00a0signals\u00a0to\u00a0signal\u00a0to\u00a0your\u00a0group\u00a0members\u00a0about\u00a0speed,\u00a0dangers\u00a0and\u00a0traffic.<\/li>\n
      6. Follow\u00a0the\u00a0road\u00a0rules<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u00a0Comfortable\u00a0riding:\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Stand\u00a0next\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0seat\u00a0and\u00a0adjust\u00a0it\u00a0so\u00a0that\u00a0it\u00a0sits\u00a0approximately\u00a0a\u00a0fist\u00a0length\u00a0below\u00a0the\u00a0top\u00a0of\u00a0your\u00a0hip. To\u00a0check\u00a0if\u00a0it\u2019s\u00a0the\u00a0right\u00a0height,\u00a0jump\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0bike\u00a0and\u00a0have\u00a0your\u00a0legs\u00a0at\u00a0\u201c12\u201d\u00a0and\u00a0\u201c6\u201d.\u00a0If\u00a0there\u00a0is\u00a0a\u00a0slight\u00a0bend\u00a0in\u00a0your knee\u00a0then\u00a0it\u00a0is\u00a0fitted,\u00a0if\u00a0the\u00a0bend\u00a0is\u00a0quite\u00a0large\u00a0then\u00a0the\u00a0seat\u00a0needs\u00a0to\u00a0be\u00a0heightened.<\/li>\n
        2. Choose\u00a0a\u00a0speed\u00a0that\u00a0is\u00a0suitable\u00a0for\u00a0the\u00a0whole\u00a0group<\/li>\n
        3. Take\u00a0regular\u00a0breaks<\/li>\n
        4. Adjust\u00a0gears\u00a0accordingly\u00a0–\u00a0this\u00a0will\u00a0make\u00a0your\u00a0ride\u00a0smoother\u00a0and\u00a0easier<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Overall\u00a0this\u00a0trip\u00a0was\u00a0a\u00a0great\u00a0experience\u00a0to\u00a0learn\u00a0about\u00a0a\u00a0lot\u00a0of\u00a0different\u00a0outdoor\u00a0activities.<\/p>\n

          Shelter:
          \n<\/em><\/strong>On the first night\u00a0we made an A-frame shelter which held really well and sheltered us perfectly creating a great night’s sleep for us all.
          \n<\/em>On the last night we improvised by using logs and rope for the frame and then tied the tarp over the frame to protect us from the rain. Again it was a success!<\/p>\n

          \u00a0Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          <\/strong>Back Country Gear 2014, ‘figure 8 repelling device’, <http:\/\/cdn1.backcountrygear.com\/media\/catalog\/product\/cache\/1\/image\/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27
          \n136e95\/t\/a\/tacticalfig8wrope.jpg viewed 29\/5\/2014<\/p>\n

          Berger,\u00a0Karen\u00a02009,\u00a0\u2018Different\u00a0Stroke\u00a0for\u00a0Canoeing\u00a0Folks\u2019,\u00a0Scouting\u00a0Magazine,\u00a0May\u00a0to\u00a0June\u00a0Issue, <http:\/\/scoutingmagazine.org\/issues\/0905\/d-outs.html>\u00a0viewed\u00a029\/5\/2014<\/p>\n

          Go\u00a0Canoeing,\u00a02014,\u00a0\u2018Canoeing\u00a0Saffety\u00a0advice\u2019\u00a0<http:\/\/www.gocanoeing.org.uk\/go\/index.cfm\/hints-tips\/safety-advice\/>\u00a0viewed\u00a029\/5\/2014<\/p>\n

          Mountain Guides 2013, ‘Know your knots’, <http:\/\/www.mountainguides.com\/wordpress\/2013\/04\/12\/gear-questions-answers\/know-your-knots\/> viewed 29\/5\/2014<\/p>\n

          Princeton 2014, image, <http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/~oa\/images\/climbing\/8follow2.gif> viewed 29\/5\/2014<\/p>\n

          SAREA,\u00a02014,\u00a0\u2018assessment\u2019\u00a0<http:\/\/climbingclubsouthaustralia.asn.au\/sarea\/sarea-organisation-information\/>,\u00a0viewed\u00a029\/5\/2014<\/p>\n

          Topdog Illustrations 2009, ‘Canoe strokes’, <http:\/\/scoutingmagazine.org\/issues\/0905\/d-outs.html> viewed 29\/5\/2014<\/p>\n

          Winkler,\u00a0Sarah,\u00a0“How\u00a0Canoeing\u00a0Works”\u00a0\u00a009\u00a0June\u00a02008.\u00a0\u00a0HowStuffWorks.com. <http:\/\/adventure.howstuffworks.com\/outdoor-activities\/water-sports\/canoeing.htm>\u00a0\u00a029\u00a0May\u00a02014.<\/p>\n\n\t\n\t\t

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